Paediatrics Day 1 and 2 Quiz

Welcome to your Paediatrics Day 1 and 2 Quiz

January 15, 2025

Attempt all Numbers.

1. A newborn infant is delivered prematurely at 28 weeks gestation. The neonatologist begins resuscitation efforts immediately. After initial drying and clearing of the airway, the baby still does not show spontaneous breathing. What is the next appropriate step in neonatal resuscitation for this infant?

A) Administer intravenous calcium gluconate

B) Perform external cardiac massage

C) Apply an Ambu-bag and give five inflation breaths

D) Inject 10% dextrose through the umbilical vein

2. Which of the following is the first step in the resuscitation of a newborn?

A. Apply an ambu-bag and mask to the baby’s face

B. Clear the airway by suctioning blood or mucus

C. Dry the baby and remove any wet cloth

D. Perform chest compressions

3. What is the recommended rate of chest compressions for a newborn during resuscitation?

A. 60-80 compressions per minute

B. 100-120 compressions per minute

C. 30-40 compressions per minute

D. 50-70 compressions per minute

4. If a newborn has a heart rate below 60 bpm despite effective ventilation and chest compressions, what is the next step?

A. Administer 10% dextrose

B. Give Naloxone hydrochloride

C. Administer adrenaline (epinephrine)

D. Begin nasal CPAP

5. Which drug is used to reverse the effects of maternal narcotics in a newborn?

A. Adrenaline (epinephrine)

B. Naloxone hydrochloride

C. Calcium gluconate

D. 10% dextrose

6. During resuscitation, when should chest compressions be initiated?

A. When the heart rate is less than 100 bpm

B. Immediately upon birth if the baby is not crying

C. When the heart rate is less than 60 bpm

D. When there are signs of severe respiratory distress

7. What is the primary cause of Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) in premature infants?

A) Genetic factors

B) Surfactant deficiency

C) Infection during delivery

D) Congenital heart defects

8. Which of the following best describes the role of surfactant in the lungs?

A) It helps in oxygen transportation to tissues.

B) It stabilizes the alveoli and prevents lung collapse.

C) It aids in the absorption of nutrients from the lungs.

D) It acts as a protective barrier against infections.

9. In the management of RDS, what is the role of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP)?

A) To provide nutrition

B) To prevent lung infections

C) To maintain alveolar expansion

D) To reduce inflammation

10. Which of the following is a preventive measure for RDS in at-risk pregnancies?

A) Administering surfactant to the newborn immediately after birth

B) Delaying delivery until full-term

C) Providing antenatal corticosteroids to the mother

D) Immediate C-section delivery

11. Which of the following is NOT a clinical feature of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia?

A) Tachypnea

B) Cyanosis

C) Bradycardia

D) Wheezing

12. In the classification of BPD, what characterizes severe BPD?

A) Infants requiring less than 30% oxygen

B) Infants weaned off oxygen by 36 weeks

C) Infants requiring more than 30% oxygen and/or mechanical ventilation

D) Infants with no need for oxygen therapy post-28 days

13. What is the most common cause of Meconium Aspiration Syndrome (MAS) in newborns?

A) Congenital heart defects

B) Fetal distress

C) Maternal diabetes

D) Preterm birth

14. What is the primary mechanism by which meconium causes respiratory issues in MAS?

A) Surfactant production

B) Airway obstruction

C) Pulmonary embolism

D) Cardiac failure

15. Which diagnostic procedure is most useful in assessing Pulmonary Hemorrhage (PH)?

A) Bronchoscopy

B) Abdominal ultrasound

C) Electroencephalogram (EEG)

D) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

16. The presence of __________ in the amniotic fluid is a key indicator of Meconium Aspiration Syndrome (MAS).

17. In Pulmonary Hemorrhage (PH), coughing up blood is a key clinical sign. Coughing blood is also known as _____________________?

18. To assess Pulmonary Hemorrhage (PH), __________ is a useful diagnostic tool for visualizing lung abnormalities using a tube ffitted with light and a camera..

19. The lack of __________ in the alveoli is a key factor contributing to Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS).

20. How were the questions?

Doable, am sure i passed highly

Seems these are new