Medicine Day 3 Quiz - Nurses Revision

Welcome to your Medicine Day 3 Quiz

March 24, 2025

1. Which of the following is a primary function of the endocrine system?

a) Transporting oxygen throughout the body

b) Regulating body functions through hormones

c) Filtering waste products from the blood

d) Protecting the body from pathogens

2. How do endocrine glands differ from exocrine glands?

a) Endocrine glands have ducts.

b) Exocrine glands release hormones into the bloodstream.

c) Endocrine glands release hormones directly into the bloodstream.

d) Exocrine glands produce hormones.

3. Which gland is often referred to as the "master gland" of the endocrine system?

a) Thyroid gland

b) Adrenal gland

c) Pituitary gland

d) Pancreas

4. What structure controls the pituitary gland?

a) Pineal gland

b) Thyroid gland

c) Hypothalamus

d) Parathyroid gland

5. Which hormone is produced by the posterior pituitary gland?

a) Growth hormone (GH)

b) Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

c) Oxytocin

d) Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

6. What is the primary function of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?

a) Stimulating uterine contractions

b) Lowering blood calcium levels

c) Helping the kidneys retain water

d) Regulating metabolism

7. What is the function of calcitonin?

a) Increase the calcium level in the blood

b) Lower blood calcium levels

c) Regulate metabolism

d) Increase blood glucose levels

8.Which hormone is released by the alpha cells of the pancreas?

a) Insulin

b) Glucagon

c) Somatostatin

d) Cortisol

9. What is the function of insulin?

a) Increase blood glucose levels

b) Lower blood glucose levels

c) Stimulate the adrenal cortex

d) Regulate calcium levels

10. What hormones are secreted by the adrenal medulla?

a) Mineralocorticoids

b) Glucocorticoids

c) Catecholamines

d) Androgens

11. Which of the following is a glucocorticoid produced by the adrenal cortex?

a) Aldosterone

b) Cortisol

c) Epinephrine

d) Insulin

12. What is the function of luteinizing hormone (LH) in females?

a) Stimulating sperm production

b) Triggering ovulation and progesterone production

c) Promoting milk production

d) Regulating metabolism

13. What is the definition of Gigantism?

a) It is a condition characterized by short stature.

b) It occurs when GH overproduction happens in adulthood.

c) It occurs when there is an overproduction of GH in children or adolescents before the closure of the growth plates in bones.

d) It results from hypersecretion of Posterior Pituitary hormones especially the growth hormones

14. Acromegaly is caused by the overproduction of which hormone?

a) Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

b) Growth hormone (GH)

c) Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

d) Insulin

15. Acromegaly is caused by the overproduction of which hormone?

a) Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

b) Growth hormone (GH)

c) Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

d) Insulin

16. Which of the following is a typical clinical manifestation of Acromegaly?

a) Abnormally increased height

b) Enlarged hands and feet

c) Weight Loss

d) Decreased sweating

17. What is the primary treatment for acromegaly?

a) Insulin injections

b) Surgical removal of the pituitary adenoma

c) Thyroid hormone replacement therapy

d) Dietary modifications

18. Which of the following biochemical tests is the most sensitive and reliable test for detecting acromegaly or gigantism?

a) GH levels

b) Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)

c) IGF-1 (Insulin-like Growth Factor-1)

d) Electrocardiography (ECG)

19. What is the medical definition of dwarfism?

a) An adult height of 5 feet 10 inches or shorter

b) An adult height of 4 feet 10 inches or shorter

c) An adult height of 6 feet 10 inches or shorter

d) An adult height of 3 feet 10 inches or shorter

20. Which of the following is the most common cause of Addison's disease?

a) Infections

b) Autoimmune disease

c) Cancer

d) Medications

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