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Referral and warning signs
When to refer
Refer individuals for routine dental check-ups and preventive care (scaling, sealants) to dental personnel (HC4+).
Signs and symptoms
- Not applicable - Prevention topic.
Risk factors
- Poor oral hygiene.
- Frequent consumption of sugary foods and drinks.
- Lack of fluoride exposure.
- Tobacco use.
- Dry mouth.
- Lack of regular dental care.
Diagnosis
Clinical assessment
Not applicable.
Diagnostic criteria
Not applicable.
Management
Non-pharmacological management
- Dietary Advice: Reduce frequency of consuming sugary foods and soft drinks. Increase intake of fresh fruits and vegetables. Adequate water intake.
- Oral Hygiene Practices:
- - Brush teeth thoroughly at least twice a day (morning and evening), preferably after meals (wait 30 mins after acidic food). Use fluoride toothpaste.
- - Dental flossing at least once daily.
- Professional Care: Regular dental check-ups (recommended every six months). Professional cleaning (scaling/polishing). Application of fissure sealants to susceptible teeth (especially children).
- Fluoride: Use fluoride toothpaste. Consider fluoride rinses or professional fluoride application if high risk.
Monitoring
Regular dental check-ups to monitor oral health status.
Complications
- Not applicable.
Prevention
- This entire topic focuses on prevention.
Patient education
- Importance of reducing sugar intake.
- Correct tooth brushing technique and frequency.
- Benefits of flossing.
- Role of fluoride in strengthening teeth.
- Need for regular dental visits.
- Importance of good nutrition for oral health.
Uganda-specific notes
Preventive messages are key given limited access to restorative dental care. Focus on affordable practices like brushing with fluoride toothpaste and dietary advice.
References
- Uganda Clinical Guidelines (UCG) 2023
Chapter 23, Section 23.2.1