1. Pulmonary Hemorrhage (PH) in children is characterized by bleeding into which specific structures?
2. The histological definition of Pulmonary Hemorrhage involves the presence of what within the alveolar spaces or interstitium?
3. Which of the following is an infectious cause of Pulmonary Hemorrhage?
4. In the management of Pulmonary Hemorrhage, what is the primary aim of administering Packed Red Blood Cells (PRBCs)?
5. Which pharmacological agent, discovered from snake venom, has a thromboplastin-like effect used in some PH treatments?
6. Apnea in full-term babies is defined as a sudden cessation of breathing lasting for more than how many seconds?
7. Which type of apnea occurs due to a failure of the brain to send signals to the breathing muscles?
8. What is the recommended initial non-invasive management step for mild, intermittent apneic episodes in an infant?
9. Methylxanthines like caffeine and theophylline work to manage apnea primarily by blocking which receptors?
10. Pneumonia is fundamentally defined as an inflammation of which part of the lung?
11. Which bacterium is a common cause of bacterial pneumonia?
12. Pneumonia acquired more than 48 hours after hospital admission is classified as:
13. Fast breathing (tachypnea) indicative of possible pneumonia in an infant aged 2-12 months is defined as a respiratory rate greater than:
14. What is the first-line antibiotic recommended for children with no serious pneumonia?
15. Atopy, a risk factor for asthma, is characterized by a genetic tendency towards:
16. A whistling sound heard during breathing, usually on expiration, is known as:
17. Spirometry in an asthma patient typically shows a reduction in which measurement?
18. According to the Step Ladder Management approach, what is the typical Step 1 treatment for occasional asthma symptoms?
19. In a child with Pulmonary Hemorrhage, what is the rationale for positioning the child in a semi-Fowler's or upright position?
20. What is a key evaluation criterion for the nursing diagnosis "Ineffective Peripheral Tissue Perfusion" related to Pulmonary Hemorrhage?
