My Courses

The Vaccine Cold Chain – A Guide for Health Workers The Vaccine Cold Chain Definition and Importance The cold chain is a system of storing, transporting, and distributing vaccines at specified low temperatures—typically between +2°C and +8°C—from the point of manufacture to the point of administration. Its purpose is to ensure that vaccines remain in…

Simple Laboratory Tests – Microbiology Study Guide Simple Laboratory Tests in Microbiology Accurate diagnosis of infectious diseases relies heavily on laboratory analysis. For nurses and midwives, understanding the principles of laboratory tests, especially how to properly collect and handle specimens, is a critical skill. The quality of a lab result is only as good as…

Pathological Effects of Microorganisms – Complete Study Guide Pathological Effects Of Microorganisms Microorganisms are a ubiquitous part of our world. While many are harmless or even beneficial (like our normal flora), a subset known as pathogens possess the ability to cause disease. The pathological effects of microorganisms refer to the full spectrum of harmful changes…

Expanded Microbiology Notes: Flora and Disease Normal Flora and Host-Microbe Interactions Concept of Normal Flora The human body is not sterile; it is home to a vast and complex community of microorganisms. Normal Flora (also called the normal microbiota or commensals) are the microorganisms that live on or inside the body of a healthy person…

Complete Microbiology Lecture Notes Module Unit: CN-1104 – Microbiology Contact Hours: 30 Credit Units: 2 Module Unit Description: This module introduces students to the concept of Microbiology and its importance to medical science. It covers the classification of microorganisms, their characteristics, their role in spreading infection and disease, simple microbial laboratory tests, and concepts of…

Nursing Lecture Notes – Topic 4: Computer Maintenance Topic 4: Maintenance of Computers and their Components Why is Computer Maintenance Important? Just like you perform regular checks on medical equipment to ensure it functions correctly and safely, your computer also needs regular maintenance. Proper care helps your computer to: Run faster and more efficiently. Last…

Nursing Lecture Notes – Topic 3: Introduction to Internet Use Topic 3: Introduction to Internet Use What is the Internet? The Internet is a massive, global network connecting millions of computers, allowing them to communicate with each other and share information. Think of it as a worldwide library, post office, and marketplace all in one.…

Nursing Lecture Notes – Topic 2: Microsoft Office Packages Topic 2: Introduction to Microsoft Office Packages What are Microsoft Office Packages? Microsoft Office is a collection of application software, often called a “suite” or “package”. These programs are designed to work together to help you perform common tasks at work, school, and home. As a…

Nursing Lecture Notes – Topic 1: Introduction to Computers Topic 1: Introduction to Computer and Computing What is a Computer? A computer is an electronic device that works under the control of instructions stored in its own memory. It can: Accept data (this is called input). Process the data according to specific rules. Produce information…

BNS 111: Anatomy & Physiology – Muscular System Notes BNS 111: Anatomy & Physiology SEMESTER I – Skeletal System and Joints Introduction to the Skeletal System and its Components The skeletal system is the body’s internal framework, providing structure, support, and protection. It’s a dynamic and living system, not just dry bones in a museum!…