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Nursing Notes – Thrombus and Embolus PHARYNGITIS Introduction Pharyngitis is the inflammation of the mucous membranes of the pharynx. In most cases, the cause is an infection, either bacterial or viral. Other less common causes of pharyngitis include allergies, trauma, cancer, reflux, and certain toxins. Types of Pharyngitis Pharyngitis can be classified according to the…

Nursing Notes – Thrombus and Embolus SINUSITIS/RHINOSINUSITIS Introduction Sinusitis is the inflammation and swelling of the lining of the sinuses, which blocks the openings into the nose, prevents normal drainage and creates a breeding ground for further infection. Possible causes are a viral, bacterial or fungal infection, or an allergy. This condition is currently known…

Nursing Notes – Thrombus and Embolus COMMON COLD/CORYZA Introduction It is the acute inflammation of the upper respiratory tract; rhinitis (nasal mucosa) and rhinopharyngitis (nasal and pharyngitis). Causes of common cold The most common virus is rhinovirus. Other viruses include the influenza virus, adenovirus, enterovirus, and respiratory syncytial virus. Bacteria may cause roughly 15% of…

Nursing Notes – Thrombus and Embolus COAGULATION DISORDERS A coagulation disorder is a medical condition characterised by excessive bleeding occurring as a result of deficiency of any of the essential clotting factors. Coagulations disorders are conditions that affect the blood’s clotting activities. Hemophilia, Von Willebrand disease, clotting factor deficiencies, hypercoagulable states and deep venous thrombosis…

Nursing Notes – Thrombus and Embolus LEUKEMIA Definition: Leukemias are a group of hematologic disorders characterized by the dysfunctional proliferation and development of leukocytes. Leukemias are cancers of white blood cells or of cells that develop into white blood cells. White blood cells develop from stem cells in the bone marrow. Sometimes the development goes…

Nursing Notes – Thrombus and Embolus THROMBUS AND EMBOLUS Introduction The circulatory system is composed of blood vessels and the heart. Blood vessels (arteries and veins) facilitate the passage of blood throughout the body. Blood cells suspended in the plasma travel through blood vessels. Blood clots are solid masses that travels through the vessels along…

Nursing Notes – Arteriosclerosis & Atherosclerosis ARTERIOSCLEROSIS & ATHEROSCLEROSIS ARTERIOSCLEROSIS Introduction Arteriosclerosis is the thickening, hardening, and loss of elasticity of the walls of arteries. Arteriosclerosis is the most common disease of the arteries; the term means hardening of the arteries. It is a diffuse process whereby the muscle fibers and the endothelial lining of…

Nursing Notes – Congestive Cardiac Failure CONGESTIVE CARDIAC FAILURE (CCF), OR HEART FAILURE (HF) Introduction to Heart Failure Heart failure (HF), often referred to as congestive heart failure (CHF) particularly when fluid retention is prominent, is a complex clinical syndrome resulting from any structural or functional cardiac disorder that impairs the ability of the ventricle…