Drugs used in Labor
Drugs used in Labour Drugs used in labour can be grouped according to the effect they have on the uterus. Uterine Stimulants/Uterine Mortility drugs. (Oxytocics) Uterine relaxants (Tocolytics) Uterine Stimulants/Uterine Motility Drugs(Oxytocics) Uterine motility drugs stimulate uterine contractions to assist labor (oxytocics) or induce abortion (abortifacients). Oxytocics Oxytocics stimulate contraction of the uterus, much like…
Fertility Drugs/Gonadotropin Drugs
Fertility Drugs Fertility drugs are drugs that stimulate the female reproductive system. Examples of Fertility drugs; Cetrorelix (Cetrotide) Chorionic gonadotropin (Chorex, Profasi, Pregnyl). Chorionic gonadotropin alpha (Ovidrel). Clomiphene (Clomid) Menotropins(Pergonal, Humegon). Therapeutic Actions and Indications. Women without primary ovarian failure who cannot get pregnant after 1 year of trying may be candidates for the use…
Estrogen Receptor Modulators
Estrogen Receptor Modulators Estrogen Receptor Modulators are agents that either stimulate or block specific estrogen receptor sites. They are used to stimulate specific estrogen receptors to achieve therapeutic effects of increased bone mass without stimulating the endometrium and causing other less desirable effects i.e. these drugs stimulate the estrogen receptors in the body so as to…
Gonadotropin drugs
GONADOTROPIN Gonadotropins are fertility medications given by injection that contain follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) alone or combined with luteinizing hormone (LH). Gonadotropins are a class of medications used to treat infertility and disorders associated with reproductive functions. FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM DRUGS Drugs that affect the female reproductive system typically include hormones and hormonal-like agents. These drug types include; Female…
Pneumonia in Children
Pneumonia Pneumonia is an inflammation of the lung parenchyma characterized by cough, tachypnea and dyspnea. The causative agent usually various microorganisms, including bacteria, mycobacteria, fungi, and viruses are introduced into the lungs through inhalation or from the blood stream. Causes of Pneumonia Bacterial ; streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae ,mycoplasma pneumoniae, staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas aeruginosa, klebsiella pneumoniae, Moraxella…
Asthma in Children
ASTHMA Asthma is a chronic reversible inflammatory disease of the airways characterized by an obstruction of airflow. Inflammation causes recurrent typical characteristics of recurrent episodes of wheezing(occurs during expiration), breathlessness, chest tightness, and coughing, which respond to treatment with bronchodilators. Many inflammatory mediators play a role; mast cells, eosinophils, T-lymphocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, and epithelial cells.…
Pericarditis
PERICARDITIS Pericarditis is an inflammation of the pericardium. Pericarditis is usually acute – it develops suddenly and may last up to several months. Sometimes excess fluid develops in the space between the pericardial layers and causes a pericardial effusion The Pericardium The pericardium is a thin, two-layered, fluid-filled sac that covers the outer…
Rheumatic Heart Disease
Rheumatic Heart Disease Rheumatic heart disease is a condition in which the heart valves have been permanently damaged by rheumatic fever. Rheumatic Heart Disease can also be defined as a chronic stage of Rheumatic Fever involving all the layers of the heart causing major cardiac sequelae So what is Rheumatic Fever? Rheumatic Fever is an…
Sickle Cell Disease
SICKLE CELL DISEASE Sickle cell disease is an inherited red-blood cell disorder which causes the body to produce abnormally shaped red blood cells. Sickle cell disease is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. Normal Hb A gets replaced with abnormal Hb S. Children with this disorder have atypical hemoglobin molecules called hemoglobin S which can…
Eating Disorders in Children and Adolescents
EATING DISORDERS Eating disorders are conditions characterized by an extreme disturbance in eating related behaviour. OR Eating disorders are moderate to severe illnesses that are characterized by disturbances in thinking and behaviour around food, eating and body weight or shape. The DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, American Psychiatric Association,2013) outlines six types…
