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Fractures
Fractures Fractures are complete or incomplete disruption in the continuity of the bone. A fracture is a break in the continuity of a bone tissue, when subjected to excessive abnormal force or A fracture is a break in the bone that occurs when more force is applied to the bone than the bone can withstand.…
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Prevention and Control of HIV/AIDS
Prevention and Control of HIV/AIDS Prevention Framework in children and infants. Prevention in Pediatrics ∙ Behavioral change and risk reduction interventions ∙ Biomedical prevention interventions ∙ Structural intervention BEHAVIORAL CHANGE AND RISK REDUCTION INTERVENTIONS The priority of behavioral interventions is to delay sexual debut; reduce unsafe sex and multiple, especially concurrent sexual partnerships; and…
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hiv / aids Treatment in Children
Treatment Modalities of HIV/AIDS Treatment Modality Description Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) Suppresses viral load to undetectable levels, reducing morbidity, mortality, and transmission of HIV. Treatment of Acute Bacterial Infections Addresses immediate bacterial infections. Prophylaxis and Treatment of Opportunistic Infections Prevents and manages opportunistic infections. Maintenance of Good Nutrition Ensures adequate nutrition to support overall health. Immunization…
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Treatment of HIV/AIDS in Children (ARV therapy)
Treatment of HIV/AIDS in Children (ARV therapy) Treatment of HIV/AIDS begins after confirmation through the following diagnostic procedures. Diagnostic Measures / Investigations. Criteria for diagnosis of HIV/AIDS: ∙ Clinical Stage criteria ∙ HIV blood test must be positive A reactive rapid test result must be confirmed before a diagnosis of infection can be given. Most…
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Clinical Manifestation of HIV / AIDS in Children
Clinical Manifestation of HIV / AIDS in Children On history taking Unusually frequent and severe occurrences of common childhood bacterial infections, such as otitis media, sinusitis, and pneumonia Recurrent fungal infections, such as candidiasis (thrush), that do not respond to standard antifungal agents: Suggests lymphocytic dysfunction Recurrent or unusually severe viral infections, such as…
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HIV & AIDS in Children
HIV & AIDS in Children HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) is a unique type of virus (i.e. a retrovirus) that invades the T- helper cells (CD4 cells) in the body of the host (defense mechanism of a person). AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) is a disease of the human immune system caused by infection with human immunodeficiency…
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Bipolar Affective Disorder
Bipolar Affective Disorder Bipolar Affective Disorder is formerly called manic-depressive illness (MDI). B.A.D is severe and persistent condition that causes serious lifelong struggle and challenge. Bipolar affective disorder is a mental health condition characterized by mood swings, from deep and prolonged low mood (profound depression) to extreme euphoria (mania), with intervening normal periods. Episodes of…
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Mood Disorders in Children and Adolescents
Mood Disorders In Children and Adolescents Mood disorders are chronic, often debilitating illnesses that affect people of all ages. Mental health problems ranging from depression to bipolar disorder are known as mood disorders, or affective disorders. In any of these disorders, a serious change in mood shapes the child’s emotional state. Unlike a normal bad…
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Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is the most commonly diagnosed mental disorder of children and teens and which can also continue to adulthood. Children with ADHD may be hyperactive and unable to control their impulses or they may have trouble paying attention Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a brain disorder marked by…
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Standards of Care
Standards of Care In Mental Health Standards of Care are a means for improving the quality care for mentally ill people. They were enunciated by the American Nurses Association (ANA) in 1973. Development of Code of Ethics This is very important for a psychiatric nurse as she takes up independent roles in psychotherapy, behavior therapy,…
